Add Python ports of the VM launchers
Each run-*.py mirrors its run-*.sh counterpart: same options, environment variables, messages and QEMU command line. Unlike the shell scripts, the Python ports use a portable /usr/bin/env shebang. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com> Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01S8ZGHSJ5JogcTAYhPNxXTV
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#!/usr/bin/env python3
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"""Start the Fedora 44 virtual machine (Python port of run-fedora44.sh)."""
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import os
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import platform
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import shutil
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import subprocess
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import sys
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from pathlib import Path
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script_dir = Path(__file__).resolve().parent
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env = os.environ.get
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def die(message, code=1):
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print(f"Error: {message}", file=sys.stderr)
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sys.exit(code)
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def run(command):
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"""Run a command, exiting with its status on failure (like `set -e`)."""
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result = subprocess.run(command)
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if result.returncode != 0:
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sys.exit(result.returncode)
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def is_executable(path):
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return path.is_file() and os.access(path, os.X_OK)
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if env("VM_IMAGE_HELPER"):
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image_downloader = Path(env("VM_IMAGE_HELPER"))
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elif is_executable(script_dir / "vm-images" / "download-images.sh"):
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image_downloader = script_dir / "vm-images" / "download-images.sh"
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else:
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image_downloader = script_dir / ".." / "vm-images" / "download-images.sh"
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uses_shared_base_image = False
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if env("FEDORA_VM_BASE_IMAGE"):
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base_image = Path(env("FEDORA_VM_BASE_IMAGE"))
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else:
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if not is_executable(image_downloader):
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die(f"shared image helper is unavailable: {image_downloader}")
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result = subprocess.run(
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[str(image_downloader), "--print-path", "fedora44"],
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stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
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text=True,
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)
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if result.returncode != 0:
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sys.exit(result.returncode)
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base_image = Path(result.stdout.rstrip("\n"))
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uses_shared_base_image = True
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state_dir = Path(env("FEDORA_VM_STATE_DIR") or script_dir / ".vm" / "fedora44")
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disk_image = Path(env("FEDORA_VM_DISK_IMAGE") or state_dir / "disk.qcow2")
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seed_image = Path(env("FEDORA_VM_SEED_IMAGE") or disk_image.parent / "seed.iso")
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disk_size = env("FEDORA_VM_DISK_SIZE") or "20G"
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memory = env("FEDORA_VM_MEMORY") or "8G"
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cpus = env("FEDORA_VM_CPUS") or "8"
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ssh_port = env("FEDORA_VM_SSH_PORT") or "2224"
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def normalize_arch(arch):
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if arch in ("arm64", "aarch64"):
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return "arm64"
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if arch in ("x86_64", "amd64"):
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return "amd64"
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die(f"unsupported architecture: {arch}")
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native_arch = normalize_arch(platform.machine())
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host_arch = normalize_arch(env("VM_IMAGE_ARCH") or native_arch)
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if host_arch == "arm64":
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qemu_binary = "qemu-system-aarch64"
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machine_type = "virt"
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else:
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qemu_binary = "qemu-system-x86_64"
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machine_type = "q35"
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def pick_firmware(override, *candidates):
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if override:
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return Path(override)
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for candidate in candidates:
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if Path(candidate).is_file():
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return Path(candidate)
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return Path(candidates[0])
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if host_arch == "arm64":
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uefi_code = pick_firmware(
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env("FEDORA_VM_UEFI_CODE"),
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"/usr/share/AAVMF/AAVMF_CODE.fd",
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"/usr/share/edk2/aarch64/QEMU_EFI.fd",
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"/opt/homebrew/share/qemu/edk2-aarch64-code.fd",
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"/usr/local/share/qemu/edk2-aarch64-code.fd",
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)
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uefi_vars_template = pick_firmware(
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env("FEDORA_VM_UEFI_VARS"),
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"/usr/share/AAVMF/AAVMF_VARS.fd",
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"/usr/share/edk2/aarch64/vars-template-pflash.raw",
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"/opt/homebrew/share/qemu/edk2-arm-vars.fd",
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"/usr/local/share/qemu/edk2-arm-vars.fd",
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)
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else:
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uefi_code = pick_firmware(
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env("FEDORA_VM_UEFI_CODE"),
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"/usr/share/OVMF/OVMF_CODE_4M.fd",
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"/usr/share/edk2/ovmf/OVMF_CODE.fd",
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"/opt/homebrew/share/qemu/edk2-x86_64-code.fd",
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"/usr/local/share/qemu/edk2-x86_64-code.fd",
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)
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uefi_vars_template = pick_firmware(
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env("FEDORA_VM_UEFI_VARS"),
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"/usr/share/OVMF/OVMF_VARS_4M.fd",
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"/usr/share/edk2/ovmf/OVMF_VARS.fd",
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"/opt/homebrew/share/qemu/edk2-i386-vars.fd",
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"/usr/local/share/qemu/edk2-i386-vars.fd",
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)
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uefi_vars = state_dir / "OVMF_VARS_4M.fd"
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pid_file = state_dir / "qemu.pid"
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log_file = state_dir / "console.log"
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daemonize = False
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extra_args = []
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def usage(stream=sys.stdout):
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stream.write(f"""\
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Usage: {Path(sys.argv[0]).name} [--daemon] [-- QEMU_ARGUMENT ...]
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Start a Fedora 44 Cloud Base virtual machine. The launcher obtains a missing
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base image through the shared image helper and creates a writable overlay
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under .vm/fedora44/, leaving the base image unchanged.
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Options:
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--daemon Run in the background while keeping the graphical window
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-h, --help Show this help
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Environment variables:
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FEDORA_VM_MEMORY Guest memory (default: 8G)
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FEDORA_VM_CPUS Virtual CPU count (default: 8)
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FEDORA_VM_SSH_PORT Host port forwarded to guest SSH (default: 2224)
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FEDORA_VM_BASE_IMAGE Base qcow2 image path (default: resolved by shared image helper)
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FEDORA_VM_SEED_IMAGE cloud-init seed ISO path (default: alongside the VM disk)
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FEDORA_VM_STATE_DIR Runtime state directory (default: .vm/fedora44)
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FEDORA_VM_DISK_IMAGE Writable overlay path
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FEDORA_VM_DISK_SIZE New overlay virtual capacity (default: 20G)
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VM_IMAGE_ARCH Guest/host architecture: arm64 or amd64 (default: auto-detected from the host)
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FEDORA_VM_UEFI_CODE UEFI read-only firmware path (auto-detected for the selected architecture)
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FEDORA_VM_UEFI_VARS UEFI variable-store template path (auto-detected for the selected architecture)
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FEDORA_VM_DISPLAY QEMU display backend (default: cocoa on macOS, gtk elsewhere)
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""")
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args = sys.argv[1:]
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while args:
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arg = args.pop(0)
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if arg == "--daemon":
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daemonize = True
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elif arg in ("-h", "--help"):
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usage()
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sys.exit(0)
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elif arg == "--":
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extra_args.extend(args)
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break
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else:
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print(f"Error: unknown option: {arg}", file=sys.stderr)
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usage(sys.stderr)
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sys.exit(2)
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for command_name in (qemu_binary, "qemu-img"):
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if shutil.which(command_name) is None:
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die(f"{command_name} is not installed.")
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if not base_image.is_file():
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if uses_shared_base_image:
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run([str(image_downloader), "fedora44"])
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else:
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die(f"Fedora base image was not found: {base_image}")
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if not base_image.is_file():
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die(f"downloader did not create: {base_image}")
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for firmware_file in (uefi_code, uefi_vars_template):
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if not firmware_file.is_file():
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die(f"required UEFI firmware was not found: {firmware_file}")
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if not seed_image.is_file():
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seed_builder = script_dir / "seediso" / "fedora44" / "build-seed.sh"
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if not is_executable(seed_builder):
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die(f"seed image is missing and builder is unavailable: {seed_builder}")
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print(f"Seed image not found; building {seed_image}...", flush=True)
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run([str(seed_builder), str(seed_image)])
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state_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
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# QEMU requires the code and vars pflash images to be exactly the same size.
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# Homebrew's edk2 firmware ships code/vars pairs at mismatched sizes (true for
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# both the aarch64 and x86_64 pairs), so pad per-VM copies of whichever one is
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# smaller up to match the other.
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uefi_code_flash = state_dir / "OVMF_CODE_4M.fd"
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if not uefi_code_flash.is_file() or not uefi_vars.is_file():
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flash_size = max(uefi_code.stat().st_size, uefi_vars_template.stat().st_size)
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for source, target in ((uefi_code, uefi_code_flash), (uefi_vars_template, uefi_vars)):
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if not target.is_file():
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shutil.copyfile(source, target)
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os.truncate(target, flash_size)
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if pid_file.is_file():
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old_pid = pid_file.read_text().strip()
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if old_pid.isdigit():
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try:
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os.kill(int(old_pid), 0)
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except OSError:
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pass
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else:
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die(f"the Fedora virtual machine is already running (PID {old_pid}).")
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pid_file.unlink(missing_ok=True)
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if not disk_image.is_file():
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run(["qemu-img", "create", "-q", "-f", "qcow2", "-F", "qcow2",
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"-b", str(base_image), str(disk_image), disk_size])
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print(f"Created writable disk overlay: {disk_image}")
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is_macos = platform.system() == "Darwin"
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display_backend = env("FEDORA_VM_DISPLAY") or ("cocoa" if is_macos else "gtk")
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qemu_args = [
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"-name", "fedora44",
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"-machine", machine_type,
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"-display", display_backend,
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"-m", memory,
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"-smp", cpus,
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"-drive", f"if=pflash,format=raw,readonly=on,file={uefi_code_flash}",
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"-drive", f"if=pflash,format=raw,file={uefi_vars}",
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"-drive", f"file={disk_image},if=none,id=disk0,format=qcow2",
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"-device", "virtio-blk-pci,drive=disk0",
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"-drive", f"file={seed_image},if=none,id=seed0,format=raw,readonly=on",
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"-device", "virtio-blk-pci,drive=seed0",
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"-nic", f"user,model=virtio-net-pci,hostfwd=tcp::{ssh_port}-:22",
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]
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if machine_type == "virt":
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# Unlike q35, the "virt" machine has no default GPU or USB input devices.
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qemu_args += [
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"-device", "virtio-gpu-pci",
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"-device", "qemu-xhci",
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"-device", "usb-kbd",
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"-device", "usb-tablet",
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]
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if is_macos and host_arch == native_arch:
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qemu_args += ["-accel", "hvf", "-cpu", "host"]
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accelerator = "HVF"
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elif host_arch == native_arch and os.access("/dev/kvm", os.R_OK | os.W_OK):
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qemu_args += ["-enable-kvm", "-cpu", "host"]
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accelerator = "KVM"
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else:
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qemu_args += ["-accel", "tcg", "-cpu", "max"]
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accelerator = "TCG"
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print(f"Starting Fedora 44 ({host_arch}) with {accelerator} acceleration; "
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f"SSH is forwarded to localhost:{ssh_port}.", flush=True)
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if daemonize:
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log_file.write_text("")
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qemu_args += [
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"-serial", f"file:{log_file}",
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"-monitor", "none",
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"-daemonize",
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"-pidfile", str(pid_file),
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]
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run([qemu_binary, *qemu_args, *extra_args])
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print(f"VM started (PID {pid_file.read_text().strip()}); console log: {log_file}")
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else:
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os.execvp(qemu_binary, [qemu_binary, *qemu_args, *extra_args])
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